How could the Earth have formed without the Big Bang

Expandonism – an alternative variation about the origin of the universe

by Jogy Thomas Wolfmeyer, Austrian philosopher

The philosopher Wolfmeyer explains his Expandonism. He suspects that this model could one day – perhaps in the 30th century – replace today’s worldview. Humanity would then understand that local observations easily lead to false conclusions and can drive entire societies into a particular narrative.

Expandonism is intended to present several models that are still difficult to grasp from today’s perspective. With the help of artificial intelligence and particularly gifted people, however, they could provide a more credible insight into our existence.

“Expandonism will also mark the end of all religions that still believe in the creation of our universe by a superhuman figure”, according to Wolfmeyer.

An alternative narrative of origin

A widespread thesis states that our universe originated through a Big Bang. This thesis remains vague, however. It could also have formed through a wormhole. (Wolfmeyer’s theory “Big Throw”)

Let us imagine: on one side a black hole, on the other side a white hole. The black hole attracts matter and compresses it into an extremely hot, wobbly mass. Under the enormous pressure a nuclear reaction occurs. This mass is ejected through impulsive thrusts on the other side – the white hole. This happens chaotically and in all directions, similar to a freely lying garden hose dancing around in a dark, cold environment.


 

Upon exiting the white hole the mass behaves like a drop of water falling into hot oil: it shatters into countless glowing fragments. The smaller pieces fly farther away than the larger ones – just like a glass vase that falls to the ground and shatters.

Each of these reactive fragments tries to maintain its internal chain reaction and for that purpose draws matter from its surroundings. The once dark and cold space gradually becomes warmer and brighter. The particles repeatedly explode into even smaller pieces. A kind of steam bath with glowing “fireflies” emerges, because the environment contains water and this water begins to boil due to the enormous heat of the nuclear reaction, creating a dense fog.

Fragments also collide with one another, merge or shatter into smaller pieces.

Over millions of years the particles continue to spread farther and farther. Some manage to keep their nuclear energy stable and become stars. Others cool down, form a crust and develop into planets. On one of these smaller celestial bodies – our later Earth – the surface continues to bubble for a long time.

Steam rises, cools, falls back as ice and boils again. Next to this cooling “firefly,” a few million kilometres away, a larger one grows – our Sun.

Our Sun and the Earth were flung far outward and are rather small compared to the enormous stars at the centre – like small glass splinters of the shattered glass vase that one only finds years later far away from the actual impact.

Just as with a hot plate of soup, the regions farthest from this massive centre cool faster, and so today our universe is star-clear and we can look in all directions.

Further development of the planet

The young planet is still hot and viscous like honey or Oobleck dancing on a loudspeaker. The gravitational pull of other planets or stars could also have caused our Earth to continue behaving like Oobleck and to wobble strongly around the Sun. This restless motion may have contributed to the formation of plates on the surface. The crusts grew slowly, repeatedly broke open and formed mountains and valleys. Water collected in the depressions, evaporated and fell back onto the Earth. The planet gradually became rounder and more stable.


 

A larger impact could have knocked the Moon out of the Earth – or the Moon was already present.

Its gravitational force increasingly stabilised the Earth’s orbit and brought it into its present path around the Sun.

Movement through space

Upon exiting the white hole the ejected masses presumably also received a common angular momentum (spin). Our entire galaxy has since been moving through space at enormous speed. When we say a comet “is coming towards us,” it could just as well be that we are moving towards it or are overtaking it.

We may be located right at the edge of a much larger system. Dense nebulae, created by the tremendous heat of these many explosions around the centre, could still shield the light from the interior for billions of years.

The “blue-eyedness” of humanity

In various epochs humanity has repeatedly changed its picture of the universe: from demons and gods through geocentrism to today’s heliocentric worldview. Many still assume that we somehow occupy the “centre” and that everything is moving away from us.

In the coming centuries the perspective may change. The narrative of the “grain of rice at the edge” may then appear far more logical than the idea of a Big Bang arising from nothing. For – according to Wolfmeyer – a glass does not move by itself and shatter on the floor. The universe likewise performs no miracles, even if we keep telling ourselves that it does for a very long time.

Jogy Thomas Wolfmeyer is an Austrian philosopher and mathematician who deals with measurements and established realities.

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